Double-joint front axle with spring struts and anti-roll bar
The front axle of the new BMW sports sedan is based on a proven design which provides an optimal fusion of driving dynamics and comfort. The wheel suspension combines maximum stiffness with minimum weight, while aluminium torque struts, wishbones and swivel bearings bring a substantial reduction in unsprung masses. At the same time, the absence of torque steer means the kinematics of the double-joint axle could be optimally geared to the agility and dynamism of the new BMW 3-Series. This factor also has benefits for the new BMW 3-Series' electromechanical steering system, which brings less weight to the scales, helps cut fuel consumption and, just like the suspension, damping and elastokinematics, is precisely matched to the requirements of this vehicle.
See also:
After washing the vehicle
After washing the vehicle, apply the brakes
briefly to dry them; otherwise, braking action can
be reduced and corrosion of the brake discs can
occur. ...
At a glance
1 Fuel gauge
2 Speedometer
3 Indicator/warning lamps
4 Tachometer
5 Oil temperature
6 External temperature
7 Electronic displays
8 Miles, trip miles
9 Clock
10 Display/reset miles ...
Controller
Select menu items and create settings.
1. Turn.
2. Press.
3. Move in four directions.
Buttons on controller
...
