Double-joint front axle with spring struts and anti-roll bar
The front axle of the new BMW sports sedan is based on a proven design which provides an optimal fusion of driving dynamics and comfort. The wheel suspension combines maximum stiffness with minimum weight, while aluminium torque struts, wishbones and swivel bearings bring a substantial reduction in unsprung masses. At the same time, the absence of torque steer means the kinematics of the double-joint axle could be optimally geared to the agility and dynamism of the new BMW 3-Series. This factor also has benefits for the new BMW 3-Series' electromechanical steering system, which brings less weight to the scales, helps cut fuel consumption and, just like the suspension, damping and elastokinematics, is precisely matched to the requirements of this vehicle.
See also:
Text messages
Calling the sender of a text message
1. Select the desired message.
2. Select the symbol.
Saving the sender in the contacts
1. Highlight the desired message.
2. Open "Options".
3. &qu ...
Engine oil temperature
Cold engine: the pointer is at
the low temperature end.
Drive at moderate engine and
vehicle speeds.
Normal operating temperature:
the pointer is in the middle
or in the left hal ...
For 520i and 528i: Check oil
level
The concept
The oil level is monitored electronically during
driving and shown on the Control Display.
If the oil level reaches the minimum level, a
check control message is displayed.
Displayi ...